Executive Summary
Overall Security Rating
✅ SECUREThe DFBDelfos oracle contract has undergone comprehensive security review including static analysis, unit testing, and property-based fuzz testing with Echidna.
27
Invariants Verified
5,000+
Fuzz Iterations
0
Critical Issues
Key Security Properties Verified
Access Control
- ✓ Only BOT_ROLE can post prices
- ✓ Only ADMIN_ROLE can upgrade
- ✓ Only ADMIN_ROLE can pause/unpause
- ✓ Only ADMIN_ROLE can manage roles
Data Integrity
- ✓ Round IDs always increment
- ✓ Negative prices revert on getRate
- ✓ Staleness checks enforced
- ✓ Cannot reinitialize
Compatibility
- ✓ Chainlink AggregatorV3 compatible
- ✓ Balancer IRateProvider compliant
- ✓ ERC2771 meta-transactions
- ✓ UUPS upgradeable
Security Model
Layer 1
Role-Based Access Control
DEFAULT_ADMIN_ROLE
→
ADMIN_ROLE
→
BOT_ROLE
Layer 2
Pausability (Circuit Breaker)
Emergency pause blocks all price posting operations
Layer 3
UUPS Upgrade Protection
Only ADMIN_ROLE can authorize upgrades, implementation initializers disabled
Layer 4
Data Validation
Negative price protection, staleness enforcement, zero address checks
Echidna Fuzz Testing Results
27/27
Properties Passing
5,122
Total Calls
4,935
Unique Instructions
| Category | Invariant | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Access Control | echidna_attacker_cannot_post |
✓ PASS |
echidna_attacker_cannot_pause |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_attacker_cannot_unpause |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_attacker_cannot_grant_bot_role |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_attacker_cannot_revoke_bot |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_attacker_cannot_set_max_age |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_attacker_cannot_upgrade |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_only_admin_can_grant_bot |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_forwarder_admin_only |
✓ PASS | |
| Pausability | echidna_pause_blocks_posting |
✓ PASS |
| Initialization | echidna_cannot_reinitialize |
✓ PASS |
| Round Data | echidna_round_id_always_increments |
✓ PASS |
echidna_round_id_positive_after_post |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_updated_at_not_future |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_answered_in_round_equals_round_id |
✓ PASS | |
| Price Validation | echidna_negative_price_reverts_getRate |
✓ PASS |
echidna_negative_price_reverts_latestAnswer1e18 |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_positive_price_works |
✓ PASS | |
| Staleness | echidna_getRate_reverts_if_stale |
✓ PASS |
echidna_getRateUnsafe_works_if_stale |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_isfresh_no_data |
✓ PASS | |
| Immutability | echidna_decimals_immutable |
✓ PASS |
echidna_description_immutable |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_version_valid |
✓ PASS | |
| Bot Tracking | echidna_bot_count_consistent |
✓ PASS |
echidna_bot_tracking_consistent |
✓ PASS | |
echidna_harness_not_forwarder |
✓ PASS |
Attack Vectors Analysis
❌ MITIGATED
Unauthorized Price Manipulation
Attacker tries to post fake prices without BOT_ROLE
Mitigation:
onlyRole(BOT_ROLE) modifier on postPrice()
❌ MITIGATED
Malicious Upgrade Attack
Attacker tries to upgrade contract to malicious implementation
Mitigation:
_authorizeUpgrade() requires ADMIN_ROLE
❌ MITIGATED
Reinitialization Attack
Attacker tries to reinitialize contract to take control
Mitigation: OpenZeppelin
Initializable prevents re-init
❌ MITIGATED
Role Escalation Attack
Attacker tries to grant themselves BOT_ROLE or ADMIN_ROLE
Mitigation: Proper role hierarchy with ADMIN_ROLE as admin of BOT_ROLE
❌ MITIGATED
Stale Data Consumption
Consumer reads outdated price data
Mitigation:
getRate() enforces staleness check with maxAge
⚠️ MINIMIZED
Bot Key Compromise
Attacker steals bot wallet private key
Impact Limited: Can only post prices, cannot upgrade/pause/configure. Admin can pause and revoke immediately.
Risk Summary
| Risk | Severity | Mitigation Status |
|---|---|---|
| Unauthorized price posting | Critical | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Malicious upgrade | Critical | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Reinitialization attack | Critical | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Role escalation | High | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Stale data consumption | Medium | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Negative price exploit | Medium | ✅ Fully mitigated |
| Bot key compromise | Medium | ⚠️ Risk minimized |
| Meta-tx spoofing | Medium | ✅ Fully mitigated |
Contract Information
Contract Reviewed
src/DFBDelfos.sol
Unit Tests
test/DFBDelfos.t.sol
Fuzz Tests
test/echidna/EchidnaDFBDelfosHarness.sol
Audit Date
December 22, 2025
Auditor
Internal Security Review
Balancer Integration
IRateProvider Compatible
This oracle implements the IRateProvider interface for direct integration with Balancer pools. The getRate() function returns the current price in 18-decimal format with staleness protection.
// Example: Using in Balancer pool configuration
address rateProvider = oracleAddress; // Your deployed DFBDelfos contract
uint256 rate = IRateProvider(rateProvider).getRate(); // Get current rate (18 decimals)